Crab Wars
A Tale of Horseshoe Crabs, Ecology, and Human Health
Second Edition
9781684580767
9781684580774
Distributed for Brandeis University Press
Crab Wars
A Tale of Horseshoe Crabs, Ecology, and Human Health
Second Edition
A timely look at the exploitation of a species that has helped with the development of countless drugs and is fast becoming endangered.
Because every drug certified by the FDA must be tested using the horseshoe crab derivative known as Limulus lysate, a multimillion-dollar industry has emerged involving the license to bleed horseshoe crabs and the rights to their breeding grounds. William Sargent presents a thoroughly accessible insider’s guide to the discovery of the lysate test, the exploitation of the horseshoe crab at the hands of multinational pharmaceutical conglomerates, local fishing interests, and the legal and governmental wrangling over the creatures’ ultimate fate. In the end, the story of the horseshoe crab is a sobering reflection on the unintended consequences of scientific progress and the danger of self-regulated industries controlling a limited natural resource. This new edition brings the story up to date as companies race to manufacture alternatives to the horseshoe crab blood, which is now essential for testing vaccines such as those developed to counter COVID-19. However, horseshoe crab populations are still dwindling, with profound implications not only for the future of the crabs themselves but also for the ecosystems that depend on them.
Because every drug certified by the FDA must be tested using the horseshoe crab derivative known as Limulus lysate, a multimillion-dollar industry has emerged involving the license to bleed horseshoe crabs and the rights to their breeding grounds. William Sargent presents a thoroughly accessible insider’s guide to the discovery of the lysate test, the exploitation of the horseshoe crab at the hands of multinational pharmaceutical conglomerates, local fishing interests, and the legal and governmental wrangling over the creatures’ ultimate fate. In the end, the story of the horseshoe crab is a sobering reflection on the unintended consequences of scientific progress and the danger of self-regulated industries controlling a limited natural resource. This new edition brings the story up to date as companies race to manufacture alternatives to the horseshoe crab blood, which is now essential for testing vaccines such as those developed to counter COVID-19. However, horseshoe crab populations are still dwindling, with profound implications not only for the future of the crabs themselves but also for the ecosystems that depend on them.
Reviews
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I: Early Lessons
Introduction
Chapter 1: A Day in the Life of a Hunter-Gatherer
Chapter 2: Carl Shuster
Chapter 3: First Lessons
Chapter 4: At an Ancient Orgy
Part II: Commercialization
Chapter 5: The Conversation
Chapter 6: Bleeding the Crab
Chapter 7: Crabs and Ponies
Chapter 8: “Flugate”
Chapter 9: Confessions of a Horseshoe Crab Farmer
Chapter 10: A Garden Party
Part III: Environmental Conflicts
Chapter 11: Fishing for Bait: The Conch and Eel Fisheries
Chapter 12: A Day at the Beach: Red Knots and Horseshoe Crabs
Chapter 13: The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission
Chapter 14: Jay Harrington vs. Bruce Babbitt
Chapter 15: A Bizarre Incident
Chapter 16: The Decision
Chapter 17: The Loophole
Chapter 18: Raw Lysate: A New Industry
Chapter 19: Numbers, Numbers, Numbers
Chapter 20: Dr. Ling Jaek Ding
Chapter 21: Three Surprises
Chapter 22: The New Kid on the Block: Pease Industrial Park Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Chapter 23: On Pins and Needles: Operation Warp Speed
Chapter 24: Three Asian Crabs
Chapter 25: Afterthoughts
Index
Acknowledgments
Part I: Early Lessons
Introduction
Chapter 1: A Day in the Life of a Hunter-Gatherer
Chapter 2: Carl Shuster
Chapter 3: First Lessons
Chapter 4: At an Ancient Orgy
Part II: Commercialization
Chapter 5: The Conversation
Chapter 6: Bleeding the Crab
Chapter 7: Crabs and Ponies
Chapter 8: “Flugate”
Chapter 9: Confessions of a Horseshoe Crab Farmer
Chapter 10: A Garden Party
Part III: Environmental Conflicts
Chapter 11: Fishing for Bait: The Conch and Eel Fisheries
Chapter 12: A Day at the Beach: Red Knots and Horseshoe Crabs
Chapter 13: The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission
Chapter 14: Jay Harrington vs. Bruce Babbitt
Chapter 15: A Bizarre Incident
Chapter 16: The Decision
Chapter 17: The Loophole
Chapter 18: Raw Lysate: A New Industry
Chapter 19: Numbers, Numbers, Numbers
Chapter 20: Dr. Ling Jaek Ding
Chapter 21: Three Surprises
Chapter 22: The New Kid on the Block: Pease Industrial Park Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Chapter 23: On Pins and Needles: Operation Warp Speed
Chapter 24: Three Asian Crabs
Chapter 25: Afterthoughts
Index
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