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The Patchwork City

Class, Space, and Politics in Metro Manila

Publication supported by the Bevington Fund

In contemporary Manila, slums and squatter settlements are peppered throughout the city, often pushing right up against the walled enclaves of the privileged, creating the complex geopolitical pattern of Marco Z. Garrido’s “patchwork city.” Garrido documents the fragmentation of Manila into a mélange of spaces defined by class, particularly slums and upper- and middle-class enclaves. He then looks beyond urban fragmentation to delineate its effects on class relations and politics, arguing that the proliferation of these slums and enclaves and their subsequent proximity have intensified class relations. For enclave residents, the proximity of slums is a source of insecurity, compelling them to impose spatial boundaries on slum residents. For slum residents, the regular imposition of these boundaries creates a pervasive sense of discrimination. Class boundaries then sharpen along the housing divide, and the urban poor and middle class emerge not as labor and capital but as squatters and “villagers,” Manila’s name for subdivision residents. Garrido further examines the politicization of this divide with the case of the populist president Joseph Estrada, finding the two sides drawn into contention over not just the right to the city, but the nature of democracy itself.

The Patchwork City illuminates how segregation, class relations, and democracy are all intensely connected.  It makes clear, ultimately, that class as a social structure is as indispensable to the study of Manila—and of many other cities of the Global South—as race is to the study of American cities.
 

288 pages | 21 halftones, 3 line drawings, 16 tables | 6 x 9 | © 2019

Asian Studies: Southeast Asia and Australia

Political Science: Urban Politics

Sociology: Collective Behavior, Mass Communication, Individual, State and Society, Urban and Rural Sociology

Reviews

The Patchwork City should be considered an achievement for its theoretical innovations, and just as importantly for its documenting—and thereby its recognizing—of voices that are so often omitted from the conventional historical record. It is an arresting rumination on how people on either side of the class divide strategically wield different forms of power—political, economic, moral—in attempts to salvage dignity and assert their worth as citizens under conditions of democratic crisis. This book will be of interest to not only scholars studying the Philippines or the Global South, but also to those interested more broadly in urban sociology, inequality, and contentious politics.”

American Journal of Sociology

“Garrido provides a compelling new read based on careful archival and ethnographic research. . . . Patchwork City contributes to urban geography through its political-sociological-ethnographic understandings of space, politics, and urban experiences in a country plagued by persistent urban poverty, stubborn social inequality, and structural unemployment within the Global South. It will interest scholars and general readers, as well as beginner and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in sociology, Southeast Asian studies, political science, political geography, social movement studies, and urban planning studies.”

Pacific Affairs

“Making an important contribution to the study of cities and social class, this fascinating account of Manila illuminates how spatial boundaries and social barriers both link and separate the experiences, dispositions, and behavior of the middle class and the urban poor. Beautifully crafted, The Patchwork City incisively connects structure and meaning to illuminate the breakdown of cross-class links and account for the disenchantment with democracy.”

Ira Katznelson, Columbia University

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
Glossary

Introduction
1 The Stakes and Approach
2 The Argument

Part One. From Urban Fragmentation to Class Division

3 Interspersion
4 Imposing Boundaries: Villagers
5 Boundary Imposition: Squatters

Part Two. From Class Division to Political Dissensus

Introduction to Part Two
6 The Politics of Electoral Siege
7 The Politics of Recognition
8 Dissensus

Conclusion
Appendix: Selecting Cases and Getting Access
References
Index

Awards

Asia and Asian America section, American Sociological Association: Asia/Transnational Book Award
Won

ASA Global and Transnational Sociology Section: Best Scholarly Book Award
Won

ASA Political Sociology Section: Distinguished Contribution to Scholarship Book Award in Political Sociology
Won

ASA Community and Urban Sociology Section: Robert E. Park Award
Won

Society for the Study of Social Problems: SSSP Global Division Book Award
Won

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