The Ontology of Language

Preface
1. Introduction
1.1 Individuals, Properties and Guises
1.2 The Methodology of Least Commitment
1.3 Plurals and Mass Terms
1.4 Discourse Representation
1.5 Summary
2. Property Theory
2.1 Motivation
2.2 PT: An Axiomatic Property Theory
2.3 Definitions of Types
2.4 The Paradoxes as a Category Mistake
2.5 Internal Definability
2.6 Model
2.7 Syntax-Semantics Interface
2.8 PTQ-like interpretation
2.9 Other Approaches
3. Plurals and Mass Terms
3.1 Plurals
3.2 Mass Terms
3.3 A Unification
3.4 A Model of PT with Boolean Terms
3.5 Conclusions
4. Roles and Guises
4.1 Intensional Individuals
4.2 Landman’s Formal Theory
4.3 Roles in PT
4.4 Property Modifiers
4.5 Appropriate Guises
4.6 Semantics with Property Modifiers
4.7 The Behaviour of Property Modifiers
4.8 Conclusions
5. Discourse Representation
5.1 Discourse in Classical Logic
5.2 Discourse in Property Theory
5.3 A Sketch of the Basic Theory
5.4 PT^dt: PT with Discourse Terms
5.5 Relative Clauses
5.6 Summary
5.7 Consistency of PT^dt
5.8 Conclusions
6. Conclusions
6.1 Properties
6.2 Individuals
6.3 Discourse
6.4 The Methodology of Least Commitment
A. Dynamic Property Theory
B. Dependent Types AND Discourse
C. Semantics of NL in PT^dt
C.1 Examples
D. Negation AND Disjunction in Discourse
D.1 Negation of Classical Propositions
D.2 Negation of Types
D.3 Double Negation and Disjunction
D.4 Proper Nouns and Negation
D.5 Axioms for negation in PT^dt
References
Author Index
Formal Index
General Index