Labour Migration in Malaysia and Spain
Markets, Citizenship and Rights
Distributed for Amsterdam University Press
This study confronts the double paradox of state-regulated labor migration: while markets benefit from open borders that allow them to meet the demand for migrant workers, the boundaries of citizenship impose a degree of limitation on cross-border migration. At the same time, the exclusivity of citizenship requires closed membership, yet civil and human rights undermine the state’s capacity to exclude foreigners once they are inside the country. By considering how Malaysia and Spain have responded to the demand for foreign labor, this book analyzes the unavoidable clash of markets, citizenship, and rights.
Preface
1. Regulating labour migration
1.1 The state
1.2 Markets
1.3 Citizenship
1.4 Rights
1.5 Migration policies
1.6 Law and illegal migration
2. Research design and methodology
2.1 Research questions
2.2 Case selection
2.3 Elements of analysis
2.4 Methodological approach
2.5 Fieldwork in two sites
3. Malaysia
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Exporting goods, importing labour
3.3 Towards a guestworker policy
3.4 Letting them in . . .
3.5 . . . but only as foreigners
3.6 Turning illegal migrants into guestworkers
3.7 Detaining and deporting 'illegals'
3.8 Final remarks
4. Spain
4.1 Introduction
4.2 From emigration to immigration
4.3 From emigration control to immigration policies
4.4 Restricting entry
4.5 Between guestworkers and citizens
4.6 Regularisation: an entry policy?
4.7 Deportation from within and from without
4.8 Final remarks
5. Comparative perspective
5.1 Towards closure
5.2 The market response
5.3 Rights' constraints
5.4 Regaining control
5.5 Final exclusion
6. Conclusions
6.1 State response to labour demands
6.2 Markets, citizenship and rights
6.3 The illusion of migration 'management'
6.4 The state's production of illegality
6.5 Meanings of illegality
6.6 Towards a theory of borders and confines
References
Annex 1: Maps of Malaysia and Spain
Annex 2: Acronyms
Annex 3: Migration Policies
Annex 4: List of interviews
Annex 5: Graph of immigration trends by nationality in Spain
Notes
Political Science: Public Policy
Sociology: Demography and Human Ecology
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